(p. 25) ______________ is formally defined as a feedback process
whereby nature favors one design over another, depending on whether
it has an impact on reproduction.
Answers1. A. Natural selection2. B. Satisficing3. C.
Collective efficacy4. D. Reciprocal logrolling(p. 32) In the
context of electronic interactions, being privately public means:
Answers1. A. connecting with many other people, while being
relatively nonpublic about revealing who you are.2. B. avoiding
online interactions with those people whom you have never met
face-to-face.3. C. you ensure that you remove all the traces of
your electronic interactions.4. D. you disclose a lot of details of
your private life and may or may not limit access to your site.(p.
23) According to the nature-only view, who we are comes from:
Answers1. A. environmental forces.2. B. our experiences.3. C.
inborn tendencies and genetically based traits.4. D. introspection
and analysis.(p. 25) Without chance mutations, which of the
following would occur?
Answers1. A. Human species would become a superspecies.2. B.
Our thoughts and behavior will depend entirely on our genetic
makeup.3. C. There would be no evolution.4. D. Our thoughts and
behavior will depend entirely on our upbringing and experiences.(p.
32) In the context of electronic interactions, being publicly
private means:
Answers1. A. connecting with many other people, while being
relatively nonpublic about revealing who you are.2. B. avoiding
online interactions with those people whom you have never met
face-to-face.3. C. ensuring that you remove all the traces of your
electronic interactions.4. D. disclosing a lot of details of your
private life.(p. 26) ______________ psychology is the branch of
psychology that aims to uncover the adaptive problems the human
mind may have solved in the distant past.
Answers1. A. Clinical2. B. Cognitive3. C. Evolutionary4. D.
Developmental(p. 31) Julie is a psychologist and she is conducting
research on the effect of talking on a hands-free cell phone while
driving. Based on this information we can say that Julie is a(n)
______________ psychologist.
Answers1. A. cognitive2. B. developmental3. C. evolutionary4.
D. educational(p. 31) More than just about any other area of
psychology, ______________ psychology lends itself to a rich set of
research questions regarding electronic interactions.
Answers1. A. clinical2. B. positive3. C. cognitive4. D.
social(p. 32) Which of the following questions is most likely to be
answered by a personality psychologist?
Answers1. A. How much of people`s personalities is reflected
in their Facebook profiles?2. B. At what age does usage of Internet
social networks peak?3. C. Will people above the age of sixty use
the Internet?4. D. Does gender affect interest and participation in
social networking sites?(p. 25) With respect to biological species,
evolution is based on _____________.
Answers1. A. the tabula rasa concept2. B. the product of our
experiences.3. C. proper parenting skills4. D. gene frequency(p.
31) Which of the following types of psychologists is most likely to
conduct research on the age at which the usage of Internet social
networks peaks?
Answers1. A. Evolutionary psychologist2. B. Developmental
psychologist3. C. Clinical psychologist4. D. Educational
psychologist(p. 25) Spontaneous changes in genes are called
_____________.
Answers1. A. differential selections2. B. softwirings3. C.
chance mutations4. D. external adaptations(p. 23) According to the
nurture-only view, we are the product of our:
Answers1. A. inherited traits.2. B. experiences.3. C. genetic
makeup.4. D. innate biology.(p. 25) Which of the following terms
refers to inherited solutions to ancestral problems that have been
naturally selected because they directly contribute in some way to
reproductive success?
Answers1. A. Adaptation2. B. Differential selection3. C.
Circular logrolling4. D. Satisficing(p. 25) Which of the following
individuals is known for his theory of natural selection?
Answers1. A. Edward Titchener2. B. Charles Darwin3. C. Mihaly
Csikszentmihalyi4. D. Martin Seligman(p. 20) Which of the following
is used as a metaphor for human mind in cognitive psychology?
Answers1. A. Light switch2. B. Camera3. C. Computer4. D.
Transmitter(p. 26) Jack is a psychologist. Rather than just
describing what the mind does, he is more interested in the
functions of the human mind. Jack is a(n) ______________
psychologist.
Answers1. A. gestalt2. B. evolutionary3. C. positive4. D.
clinical(p. 23) The point of view that human behavior is solely the
result of ______________ appears to be a very Western, very North
American idea.
Answers1. A. genetics2. B. nature3. C. nurture4. D. inborn
tendencies(p. 31) Steve is conducting a research on how cell phones
and other electronic methods of communication have changed the way
teenagers interact with others. This information indicates that
Steve is a(n) ______________ psychologist.
Answers1. A. educational2. B. clinical3. C. developmental4.
D. evolutionary(p. 27) ______________ are behavioral adaptations.
Answers1. A. Chance mutations2. B. Softwirings3. C.
Emotions4. D. Habits(p. 24) According to the view of mind-body
dualism:
Answers1. A. the soul is the confluence of mind and body.2.
B. the mind controls the body.3. C. the mind and the body are
controlled by our genetic makeup.4. D. the mind and the body refer
to the same entity.(p. 28) Exaptations are also called
_____________.
Answers1. A. adaptations2. B. chance mutations3. C. habits4.
D. by-products(p. 28) According to evolutionary psychology,
language and science are examples of _____________.
Answers1. A. chance mutations2. B. natural selection3. C.
by-products of adaptation4. D. softwiring(p. 32) Facebook profiles
are:
Answers1. A. idealized images of who we want to be.2. B.
images of who we want others to ideally perceive us to be.3. C.
accurate representations of our true personalities.4. D. the
personalities that we and our close friends actually perceive.(p.
25) ______________ creates structures and behaviors that solve
adaptive problems.
Answers1. A. Softwiring2. B. Natural selection3. C.
Reciprocal logrolling4. D. Collective efficacy(p. 31) Which of the
following topics is most likely to be studied by a developmental
psychologist?
Answers1. A. How much of people`s personality is reflected in
their Facebook profiles?2. B. Are people who interact extensively
with other people via Facebook more or less outgoing than those who
do not?3. C. What is the effect of talking on a hands-free cell
phone while driving?4. D. What is the effect of gender on interest
and participation in social networking sites?(p. 21) According to
______________ psychology, who we are, how we got here, and what we
do and think are a result of brain activity and are influenced by
genetic factors.
Answers1. A. Gestalt2. B. cognitive3. C. educational4. D.
evolutionary(p. 32) Anna is conducting research to find out if
people who interact extensively with other people via Facebook are
more or less outgoing than those who do not. Anna is most likely a
______________ psychologist.
Answers1. A. health2. B. personality3. C. social4. D.
clinical(p. 24) In psychology, the idea that the mind and the body
are separate entities is referred to as:
Answers1. A. nature through nurture.2. B. mind-body
dualism.3. C. cogito ergo sum.4. D. evolutionary theory.(p. 20) The
British psychologist Frederick Bartlett wrote a book that promoted
a cognitive psychological view in the 1930s. According to Frederick
Bartlett:
Answers1. A. memory is not an objective and accurate
representation of events but rather a highly personal
reconstruction based on one`s own beliefs, ideas, and point of
view.2. B. psychology can be a true science only if it examines
observable behavior, not ideas, thoughts, feelings, or motives.3.
C. a detailed analysis of experience as it happens provides the
most accurate glimpse into the workings of the human mind.4. D. our
experiences during childhood are a powerful force in the
development of our adult personality.(p. 23) Kat believes that
human behavior is solely the result of genetic coding. Her point of
view is referred to as the ______________ view.
Answers1. A. nature-only2. B. nurture-only3. C.
environment-only4. D. evolution-only(p. 23) For millennia thinkers
have argued over what determines our personality and behavior:
innate biology or life experience. This conflict is known as the
______________ debate.
Answers1. A. nature-nurture2. B. mind-body3. C.
internal-external4. D. evolutionary-environmental(p. 32) Which of
the following statements is true regarding electronic interactions?
Answers1. A. Electronic interactions can be easily used to
hide one`s `real personality.`2. B. Electronic interaction is a
preferred method of contact for extroverts.3. C. People use the
Internet to arrange real face-to-face meetings.4. D. Electronic
interactions have resulted in new boundaries between public and
private means of connecting.(p. 23) Which of the following terms
best represents the view that biological systems involved in
thought and behavior—genes, brain structures, brains cells,
etc.—are inherited but are still open to modification from the
environment?
Answers1. A. Natural selection2. B. Environmental evolution3.
C. Mind-body dualism4. D. Softwiring(p. 27) ______________ are
quick and ready response patterns that tell us whether something is
good or bad for our well-being.
Answers1. A. Habits2. B. Chance mutations3. C. Softwirings4.
D. Emotions(p. 24) ______________ philosophy emphasizes the
interdependence of body and mind.
Answers1. A. Clinical2. B. Gestalt3. C. Eastern4. D.
Developmental(p. 23) In terms of the nature-nurture debate,
psychologists’ contemporary view is that human behavior is:
Answers1. A. mostly a product of biology, inborn tendencies,
and genetically based traits.2. B. mostly a product of
environmental experience.3. C. a product of the interdependence
between biology and experience.4. D. solely a product of ancestral
influences.(p. 23) Which of the following is shown by Kandel (2006)
with respect to certain genes in the human brain?
Answers1. A. They cannot facilitate new connections between
neurons in an adult brain.2. B. They are all present and functional
at birth.3. C. They do not differ between organisms despite
variations in experience.4. D. They can be turned on or off by our
experiences.(p. 24) In the 17th century, ______________ proposed a
theory that the mind was separate from the body.
Answers1. A. John Locke2. B. Aristotle3. C. René Descartes4.
D. Max Wertheimer(p. 24) As compared to babies of uninfected
mothers, babies whose mothers fought off infectious diseases when
they were pregnant were _____________.
Answers1. A. more likely to develop advanced language
skills2. B. more likely to develop schizophrenia3. C. less likely
to develop major a depressive disorder4. D. less likely to engage
in peer conflicts as children(p. 28) According to evolutionary
psychology, feathers are examples of _____________.
Answers1. A. adaptation2. B. exaptations3. C. natural
selection4. D. chance mutations(p. 20) By the 1980s, cognitive
science combined many disciplines in addition to psychology. Which
of the following is one of these disciplines?
Answers1. A. Etymology2. B. Genealogy3. C. Chemistry4. D.
Anthropology(p. 27-28) Structures or features that perform a
function that did not arise through natural selection are often
called _____________.
Answers1. A. exaptations2. B. adaptations3. C. chance
mutations – Given4. D. habits(p. 24) Contemporary psychologists
agree that what we call the mind results from the functioning of
our brain, and since the brain is part of our body, ______________
cannot be true.
Answers1. A. mind-body dualism2. B. the tabula rasa concept3.
C. Gestalt psychology4. D. positive psychology(p. 26) Early humans,
as hunter-gatherers, did not know when they would find food. If
they found fat, they ate it, because fat could be stored in the
body and used later when food might be scarce. For this reason,
humans evolved to like fat. Human cravings have not changed much,
even though our environments have. So our preference for fatty
foods can be attributed to _____________.
Answers1. A. softwiring2. B. differential selection3. C.
collective efficacy4. D. adaptation(p. 24) Which of the following
concepts allows for the idea that a soul survives bodily death?
Answers1. A. Nature versus nurture2. B. Natural selection3.
C. Evolutionary theory4. D. Mind-body dualism
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