1)
The ______ lobes are responsible for higher mental processes
such as decision making.
frontal
parietal
temporal
reticular
2)
Dorothy has spinocerebellar degeneration, a condition that
is likely to cause her to have difficulty with:
reading and writing.
calculating and reasoning.
walking, speaking, and/or standing.
hearing and seeing.
3)
Why is the cortex so wrinkled?
The wrinkles allow for better blood circulation.
The wrinkles allow it to fit inside the skull.
Its various parts need to overlap with each other.
Its peculiar shape is vital to its function.
4)
Which of the following is TRUE about deep lesioning?
It takes an X-ray of the brain.
It is routinely done on humans.
It is only done on animals.
It is the best way to study the human brain.
5)
A functional MRI (fMRI) and a PET scan both:
provide a way to measure the functioning and activity of the
brain.
provide detailed computerized interpretations of brain
dysfunctions.
produce black and white scans of the brain’s structures.
create selective injuries that allow researchers to study
brain function.
6)
Which of the following diagnostic tools involve injecting a
person with radioactive glucose to map brain function?
MRI
PET scan
CT scan
EEG
7)
Which endocrine gland is located in the neck and regulates
metabolism?
pituitary gland
thyroid gland
gonad
pineal gland
, p. 65
8)
What is the primary role of the adrenal glands?
regulating metabolism
secreting hormones
producing insulin
regulating sexual behavior
9)
________ provides energy for the brain during stress.
Thyroxin
Serotonin
Melatonin
Cortisol
10)
The adrenal glands are located right on top of:
each lung.
the pancreas.
each kidney.
the liver.
11)
The brain is primarily comprised of two different kinds of
cells. They are neurons and:
myelin.
synapses.
somas.
glial cells.
12)
When a neuron is at rest, the ions inside the cell are
mostly _______ and the ions outside the cell are mostly
_______.
positively charged; negatively charged
negatively charged; positively charged
small; large
dead; alive
13)
Neurons fire:
stronger when there is a strong stimulus.
partially when there is a strong stimulus.
either full strength or not at all.
partially when there is a weak stimulus.
14)
In the disease _______, the myelin sheath is destroyed.
epilepsy
multiple sclerosis
depression
schizophrenia
15)
A branch of the life sciences that deals with the structure
and functioning of the nervous system is called ________.
neuroscience
biopsychology
bioscience
psychology
16)
Special types of glial cells generate a protective fatty
substance called:
axons.
dendrites.
myelin.
cholesterol.
17)
The sac-like structures that are found at the end of a
neuron’s axon and that contain neurotransmitters are
called:
dendrites.
synaptic vesicles.
axon terminals.
synaptic knobs.
18)
What is a biological reason for why heroin is addictive?
The bodies of heroin users do not produce endorphins, so
withdrawal is very painful.
Neurotransmitters are damaged and continue sending
stimulating messages to cells.
It produces an excess of dopamine in the brain.
Heroin bonds with serotonin, producing mental confusion in
users.
19)
When people are walking, raising their hands in class, or
smelling a flower, they are using the:
somatic nervous system.
autonomic nervous system.
central nervous system.
skeletal nervous system.
20)
If the pancreas secretes too much insulin, it results in a
condition known as:
premature baldness.
dyspepsia.
hypoglycemia.
diabetes.
21)
Mr. Phillips is having a test to see if he is suffering from
seizures. Electrodes are attached to his scalp to measure the
electrical
activity of the brain. Mr. Phillips is having a(n):
EEG.
PET scan.
CT scan.
MRI.
22)
The thalamus can be likened to a:
pipeline.
little brain.
triage nurse.
seahorse.
23)
Which statement most accurately explains the difference in
functioning between the right hemisphere of the brain and the
left hemisphere?
The right specializes in logical thought processes.
The right processes information all at once, whereas the
left breaks things down into parts.
The right processes information from the right side of the
body, whereas the left processes information from the left
side.
The right sees things upside down, whereas the left sees
them right side up.
24
Unlike other glands, such as salivary or sweat glands,
endocrine glands:
do not have any effect on metabolism.
secrete hormones onto the body’s tissues through ducts.
do not have any effect on the body’s growth.
secrete chemicals directly into the bloodstream.
25)
Sebastian is being evaluated for the presence of
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and is undergoing
neuroimaging tests
as part of this assessment. If he is found to suffer from
this condition, it
will involve several different brain structures. Which of the
following would
NOT be one of them?
cerebellum
corpus callosum
basal ganglia
reticular activating system
26)
The spinal cord’s outer section is made up of _______ and
the inner section is made up of _______.
bone; synaptic vesicles
somatic cells; dendrites
bone; axons and nerves
myelinated axons and nerves; the cell bodies of neurons
27)
The part of the autonomic nervous system known as the
“eat-drink-and-rest” system is the:
sympathetic division.
parasympathetic division.
motor pathway.
sensory pathway.
28)
Neuroplasticity is:
the most advanced form of brain surgery.
the process by which neurotransmitters are taken back into
the synaptic vesicules.
the brain’s ability to change both the structure and
function of many cells in response to experience and
trauma.
the research and study of stem cells.
29)
The neurons that carry messages from the central nervous
system to the muscles of the body are the:
afferent neurons.
efferent neurons.
interneurons.
sensory neurons.
30)
The job of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous
system is to:
stabilize emotions such as happiness and sadness.
provide feelings such as empathy and sympathy.
control voluntary muscles.
get the body ready to deal with stress.
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