Lesson 8
1. The chief aim of sampling is to be able to select
simple
random samplesa
sample whose statistics will accurately portray an unknown
population parametera
sample whose parameters will accurately portray an unknown
population statistica
sample whose statistics will accurately portray a known
population parametera
sample whose unknown statistics will accurately portray a
know parameter
2. A study population is
the
theoretical and hypothetical aggregation of all elements as
defined for a given
surveythe
theoretically specified aggregation of survey elementsthat
aggregation of elements from which the sample is actually
selectedthat
aggregation or set of elements considered for selection in
some stage of
samplingthat
aggregation of elements from which information is
collected
3. The unit about which information is collected and
that provides the basis of analysis is called a(n)
universesampling
unitstatisticsampling
frameelement
4. In a situation of perfect homogeneity there is little
need to be concerned with careful sampling procedures.
TureFalse
5. The size of the population must be taken into
account when deciding on sample size.
TrueFalse
6. Non probability sampling
always
produces samples that possess distorted characteristics
relative to the
populationdenies
the researche the use of statistical theory to estimate the
probability of
correct inferencesshould
never be used under any circumstancesincludes
stratified samplingrequires
the use of sampling frames
7. Sample all the students in your research methods
class. What kind of sampling design are you using?
simple
random samplingquota
samplingcluster
samplingstratified
samplingreliance
on available subjects
8. Drawing a judgemental sample
allows
researchers to use their prior knowledge about the
topic.Enlists
the aid of uninformed respondentsResults
in a sample that has no researcher biasEnsures
a representative sample.Requires
the development of a quota matrix
9. If a field researcher wanted to learn a political
organization’s pattern of recruitment over time, the
researcher might begin by
interviewing a fairly recent recruit and ask who introdused
that person to the
organization. Then the researcher might interview the person
named and ask who
introduced that person to the political organization. This
would be an example
of
snowball
sampling.Systematic
samplingDeviant
cases samplingAccidental
samplingQuota
sampling’
10. Professor Hall was planning to do a field study of
hitchhikers. Hall wanted to be sure that persons representing
all different
age, racial, and sex categories were included in the sample
of hitchhikers.
What kind of sampling scheme would you recommend?
deviant
cases.Quota
samplingStratified
samplingSnowball
samplingCluter
sampling
11. A researcher discovers that in a particular city
10% of the households are headed by a single person and that
90% of the
families are husband-wife families. The researcher sends out
interviewers an
tells them to conduct 80 interviews and that 10% of these
interviews should be
with families that are headed by a single person, and 90%
should be with
husband-wife families. This researcher is using
simple
random samplingquota
samplingcluster
samplingstratified
samplingaccidental
sampling
12. In general, as sample size increases
the
standard error increases in sizethe
standard error decreases in sizethe
standard error will remain the same regardless of changes in
sample sizethe
standard error is a constantthe
standard error fluctuates in size
13. Sampling error is reduced through an increase in
the sample size and an increased homogeneity of the elements
being sampled.
TrueFalse
14. Probability samples are advantageous to the
researcher because
the
method by which they are selected limits consious and
unconscious sampling biasthe
accuracy or representativeness of the sample can be
estimatedthey
are perfectly representative of the population from which
they are drawnall
of these choices indicate the advantages
of probability samplingthe
method by which they are selected limits conscious and
unconscious sampling
bias and the accuracy or representativenes of the sample can
be estimated
15. A summary description of a given variable in a
survey sample is called a
variableparameterconfidence
levelconfidence
intervalstatistic
16. If two samples of the same size are drawn from the
same population using simple random sampling, it follows that
they will have
the same statistics.
TrueFalse
17. Generally, the more heterogeneous the population,
the more beneficial it is to use stratified sampling.
True
False
18. Stratification represnets a modification to rather
than an alternative to simple random sampling and systematic
sampling.
True
False
19. A stratified sample is more likely to be
representative on several variables than is a simple random
sample.
TrueFalse
20. You want to select a sample of 250 people from a
population of 30,000. To use the table of random numbers you
need to work with
a
250
digit number3-
digit number4-
digit number5-
digit number6-
digit number
21. A sampling interval of 5 was used to select a
sample from a population of 1000. How many elements are to be
in the sample?
5501002001000
22. Every kth element in a list is chosen for inclusion
in the sample in
simple
random samplingsystematic
samplingdisproportionate
samplingcluster
samplingstratified
sampling
23. Periodicity is particularly important in
Simple
random samplingAvailability
samplingStratified
samplingQuota
samplingSystematic
sampling
24. You are doing research on hospital
personnel-orderlies, technicians, nurses, and doctors. You
want to be sure you
draw a sample that has cases in each of the personnel
categories. You want to
use probability sampling/ An appropriate strategy would be
simple
random samplingquota
samplingcluster
samplingstratified
samplingaccidental
sampling
25. Stratifying a population prior to drawing a sample
generally
occurs when the variables used to stratify are known to be
associated with the
dependent variableeliminates
the need for simple random samplingis
most useful for studying a homogeneous
populationeliminates
the need for probabiity samplingis
an alternative systematic sampling
26. A disadvantage of stratified sampling is that it
denies
you the use of probability theoryrequires
you to have some prior knowledge about the elements in the
population prior to
drawing the sampleusually
increases the standard errorusually
requires samples that are larger in size than those required
by simple random
samplingnone
of these choices is a disadvantage of stratified sampling
27. Multistage sampling design tend to have smaller
sampling errors than single-stage sampling designs..
TrueFalse
28. To ensure a sufficient number of cases from strata
of varying sizes, researchers use.
simple
random samplingsystematic
samplingproportionate
samplingdisproportionate
samplingquota
sampling
29. Disproportionate sampling and weighting are used by
the researcher
to
ensure a sufficient number of cases in each of the sample
subpopulationsto
give a proportionate representation to each sample elementto
procide a representative picture of the total populationto
handle situations involving the errors and approximation that
are often
inherent in complex, multistage designsall
of these choices are correct
30. Professor Alec O. Howlick is studying the incoming
(freshmen) student drinking behavior at Boozemen State
University in Boozemen,
Kansas. Every incoming freshmen is required to have a
university email address.
After obtaining a list of all incoming freshmen students
email addresses, he
numbered every email address from 1 to 4,000. Using a
random-number table, he
obtained a sample of 200 freshman email addresses. He then
emailed students
requesting them to take an online survey. He also had two
follow-up email
reminders. A total of 180 students took the online survey.
(1) What is Howlick’s sampling frame?
a. the drinking behavior of students
b. incoming freshmen telephone numbers
c. student freshmen email addresses
d. Boozemen State University
(2) What is Drunkman’s population?
a. all students living in Boozemen, Kansas
b. all students enrolled in
Boozemen State University
c. students who drink alcohol in Boozemen, Kansas
d. all incoming freshmen at Boozemen State University
(3) What type of sampling did Professor Howlick
use?
a. stratified random sample
b. simple random sample
c. cluster sample
d. sequential sample
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