The term
prosopagnosia was derived from the Greek prosopon (face),
a-(without) and gnosis (knowledge). Simply put, prosopagnosia
also known as face blindness is a face recognition disorder in
which the patient fails to recognise identity of a person or even
their own face in severe cases. In 1892, Wilbrand described the
symptoms of prosopagnosia in a paper first published in Deutsche Z
Nervenheilkd. However, the term prosopagnosia was not invented
until about a century later, when Joachim Bodamer described about
the condition of a 24-year old man who suffered a bullet injury to
his head in 1947. The man fails to recognise faces of his friends,
familyand even
his own face in the mirror. However, he successfully identified
them through
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Developmental
prosopagnosia may occur since birth without neural damage,
involving a mutation in gene coding with autosomal dominant
inheritance (Gazzaniga et al., 2014). Some studies suggest reduced
grey matter volume in inferior temporal cortex necessary for face
processing reduced the activity of the core face network. Others
suggest reduced connectivity from the core face network to anterior
temporal structures which might be due to distinct genetic defects
(D-T Jodie et al., 2014). Patient born with this condition might be
growing up without noticing that they fail to develop the face
recognition
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Some of the
patients reported that they had traumatic social interaction
difficulties. Failure in face recognition might cause them to feel
anxious about offending people which in the end create feelings of
guilt and embarrassment. The problems associated with interpersonal
relationships restrict their social circle (Yardley, L., 2008). Up
until now, there is no cure to prosopagnosia. However, compensatory
strategies are one of the therapies that may help them improve
their daily social interactions as well as communications. Since
recognition is a learning process, patient can develop their
ability to identify ones identity by using alternative cues in
terms of non-facial features such as voice, hair colour, clothing,
body style or any unique physical
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