Surname 1NameProfessorCourseDateRoot and shoot parts of strawberry: factories for production of functionalhuman pro-insulinDiabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disease that is caused by insufficient insulinproduction or lack of responsiveness to insulin in the cell. In 2001, it was reported thataround 8% of the worlds population is suffering from diabetes and this is expected toincrease in the future. Insulin is a 51 amino acid polypeptide which is built from two separatechains, A and B that are bonded by disulphide bonds. In humans, insulin is produced by betacells of the pancreas as a single molecule called pro-insulin. Pre-pro-insulin is cleaved to proinsulin by enzymatic cleavage. Chains A and B in the pro-insulin molecule are linkedtogether with C-peptide, which separates in the secretory vesicles. Other methods for insulinconsumption have been introduced including injection and lung insulin. Such methods arenot acceptable since proteases in human body cause some problems for patients.Additionally, the increase in the number of diabetics and consequently higher demand forinsulin call for more complementary methods of insulin consumption.Currently, for commercial production, insulin is made in either bacteria (E. coli) oryeast by recombinant protein technology. Plants can also be used for the production ofrecombinant pharmaceutical proteins. Plants play and important role in humans health due toits various vitamins, minerals, anthocyanin and useful ...
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