please se attachments Open your lab manual to Activity 3.4, Mineral Analysis, Identification, and Uses (page 105-108). Examine the minerals on display at http://www.nvcc.edu/home/cbentley/magic/min.html. The format for these images is GigaPan – you may need to have Flash installed on your computer to view them. Note that you can zoom in and explore each specimen (this is the cool thing about GigaPans).Identify them using lab manual, page 105-108, the Mineral Analysis, Identification, and Uses worksheet. For GigaPans with more than one sample, use this identification scheme: Sample A1 (left), sample A2 (middle), sample A3 (right), etc. For some of the images with multiple samples, you may be asked to identify all of them, or you may only be asked to identify one. Follow the prompts in the questions at the above link.It may help to take a look at this mineral identification sheet that I use in my in-person classes at NOVA: GOL_105_Minerals_lab_ID_chart.pdfClick on the link above to complete the exercise on Mineral Identification for the minerals you identified at this website: http://www.nvcc.edu/home/cbentley/magic/min.htmlYou have 3 attempts to complete the assignment.

What is the correct identification (name) for mineral specimen A?
Amphibole (hornblende)
Azurite
Biotite (mica)
Calcite
Chalcopyrite
Chlorite
Copper (Native copper)
Corundum
Diamond
Dolomite
Epidote
Fluorite
Galena
Garnet
Gold (Native gold)
Graphite
Gypsum
Halite
Hematite
Kyanite
Limonite
Magnetite
Malachite
Muscovite (mica)
Olivine
Plagioclase feldspar
Potassium feldspar
Pyrite
Pyroxene (augite)
Quartz
Serpentine
Sphalerite
Staurolite
Sulfur (Native sulfur)
Talc
2 points
QUESTION 2
What is the correct identification (name) for mineral specimen B?
Amphibole (hornblende)
Azurite
Biotite (mica)
Calcite
Chalcopyrite
Chlorite
Copper (Native copper)
Corundum
Diamond
Dolomite
Epidote
Fluorite
Galena
Garnet
Gold (Native gold)
Graphite
Gypsum
Halite
Hematite
Kyanite
Limonite
Magnetite
Malachite
Muscovite (mica)
Olivine
Plagioclase feldspar
Potassium feldspar
Pyrite
Pyroxene (augite)
Serpentine
Sphalerite
Staurolite
Sulfur (Native sulfur)
Talc
2 points
QUESTION 3
What is the correct identification (name) for mineral specimen C1?
Amphibole (hornblende)
Azurite
Biotite (mica)
Calcite
Chalcopyrite
Chlorite
Copper (Native copper)
Corundum
Diamond
Dolomite
Epidote
Fluorite
Galena
Garnet
Gold (Native gold)
Graphite
Gypsum
Halite
Hematite
Kyanite
Limonite
Magnetite
Malachite
Muscovite (mica)
Olivine
Plagioclase feldspar
Potassium feldspar
Pyrite
Pyroxene (augite)
Serpentine
Sphalerite
Staurolite
Sulfur (Native sulfur)
Talc
2 points
QUESTION 4
What is the correct identification (name) for mineral specimen C2?
Amphibole (hornblende)
Azurite
Biotite (mica)
Calcite
Chalcopyrite
Chlorite
Copper (Native copper)
Corundum
Diamond
Dolomite
Epidote
Fluorite
Galena
Garnet
Gold (Native gold)
Graphite
Gypsum
Halite
Hematite
Kyanite
Limonite
Magnetite
Malachite
Muscovite (mica)
Olivine
Plagioclase feldspar
Potassium feldspar
Pyrite
Pyroxene (augite)
Serpentine
Sphalerite
Staurolite
Sulfur (Native sulfur)
Talc
2 points
QUESTION 5
What is the correct identification (name) for mineral specimen D?
Amphibole (hornblende)
Azurite
Biotite (mica)
Calcite
Chalcopyrite
Chlorite
Copper (Native copper)
Corundum
Diamond
Dolomite
Epidote
Fluorite
Galena
Garnet
Gold (Native gold)
Graphite
Gypsum
Halite
Hematite
Kyanite
Limonite
Magnetite
Malachite
Muscovite (mica)
Olivine
Plagioclase feldspar
Potassium feldspar
Pyrite
Pyroxene (augite)
Quartz
Serpentine
Sphalerite
Staurolite
Sulfur (Native sulfur)
Talc
2 points
QUESTION 6
What is the correct identification (name) for mineral specimen E?
Amphibole (hornblende)
Azurite
Biotite (mica)
Calcite
Chalcopyrite
Chlorite
Copper (Native copper)
Corundum
Diamond
Dolomite
Epidote
Fluorite
Galena
Garnet
Gold (Native gold)
Graphite
Gypsum
Halite
Hematite
Kyanite
Limonite
Magnetite
Malachite
Muscovite (mica)
Olivine
Plagioclase feldspar
Potassium feldspar
Pyrite
Pyroxene (augite)
Serpentine
Sphalerite
Staurolite
Sulfur (Native sulfur)
Talc
2 points
QUESTION 7
What is the correct identification (name) for mineral specimen F?
Amphibole (hornblende)
Azurite
Biotite (mica)
Calcite
Chalcopyrite
Chlorite
Copper (Native copper)
Corundum
Diamond
Dolomite
Epidote
Fluorite
Galena
Garnet
Gold (Native gold)
Graphite
Gypsum
Halite
Hematite
Kyanite
Limonite
Magnetite
Malachite
Muscovite (mica)
Olivine
Plagioclase feldspar
Potassium feldspar
Pyrite
Pyroxene (augite)
Serpentine
Sphalerite
Staurolite
Sulfur (Native sulfur)
Talc
2 points
QUESTION 8
What is the correct identification (name) for mineral specimen G?
Amphibole (hornblende)
Azurite
Biotite (mica)
Calcite
Chalcopyrite
Chlorite
Copper (Native copper)
Corundum
Diamond
Dolomite
Epidote
Fluorite
Galena
Garnet
Gold (Native gold)
Graphite
Gypsum
Halite
Hematite
Kyanite
Limonite
Magnetite
Malachite
Muscovite (mica)
Olivine
Plagioclase feldspar
Potassium feldspar
Pyrite
Pyroxene (augite)
Serpentine
Sphalerite
Staurolite
Sulfur (Native sulfur)
Talc
2 points
QUESTION 9
What is the correct identification (name) for mineral specimen H1?
(You can ignore specimens H2 and H3.)
Amphibole (hornblende)
Azurite
Biotite (mica)
Calcite
Chalcopyrite
Chlorite
Copper (Native copper)
Corundum
Diamond
Dolomite
Epidote
Fluorite
Galena
Garnet
Gold (Native gold)
Graphite
Gypsum
Halite
Hematite
Kyanite
Limonite
Magnetite
Malachite
Muscovite (mica)
Olivine
Plagioclase feldspar
Potassium feldspar
Pyrite
Pyroxene (augite)
Quartz
Serpentine
Sphalerite
Staurolite
Sulfur (Native sulfur)
Talc
2 points
QUESTION 10
What is the correct identification (name) for mineral specimen I?
Amphibole (hornblende)
Azurite
Biotite (mica)
Calcite
Chalcopyrite
Chlorite
Copper (Native copper)
Corundum
Diamond
Dolomite
Epidote
Fluorite
Galena
Garnet
Gold (Native gold)
Graphite
Gypsum
Halite
Hematite
Kyanite
Limonite
Magnetite
Malachite
Muscovite (mica)
Olivine
Plagioclase feldspar
Potassium feldspar
Pyrite
Pyroxene (augite)
Serpentine
Sphalerite
Staurolite
Sulfur (Native sulfur)
Talc
2 points
QUESTION 11
What is the correct identification (name) for mineral specimen J1?
Amphibole (hornblende)
Azurite
Biotite (mica)
Calcite
Chalcopyrite
Chlorite
Copper (Native copper)
Corundum
Diamond
Dolomite
Epidote
Fluorite
Galena
Garnet
Gold (Native gold)
Graphite
Gypsum
Halite
Hematite
Kyanite
Limonite
Magnetite
Malachite
Muscovite (mica)
Olivine
Plagioclase feldspar
Potassium feldspar
Pyrite
Pyroxene (augite)
Serpentine
Sphalerite
Staurolite
Sulfur (Native sulfur)
Talc
2 points
QUESTION 12
What is the correct identification (name) for mineral specimen J2?
Amphibole (hornblende)
Azurite
Biotite (mica)
Calcite
Chalcopyrite
Chlorite
Copper (Native copper)
Corundum
Diamond
Dolomite
Epidote
Fluorite
Galena
Garnet
Gold (Native gold)
Graphite
Gypsum
Halite
Hematite
Kyanite
Limonite
Magnetite
Malachite
Muscovite (mica)
Olivine
Plagioclase feldspar
Potassium feldspar
Pyrite
Pyroxene (augite)
Serpentine
Sphalerite
Staurolite
Sulfur (Native sulfur)
Talc
2 points
QUESTION 13
What is the correct identification (name) for mineral specimen K?
Amphibole (hornblende)
Azurite
Biotite (mica)
Calcite
Chalcopyrite
Chlorite
Copper (Native copper)
Corundum
Diamond
Dolomite
Epidote
Fluorite
Galena
Garnet
Gold (Native gold)
Graphite
Gypsum
Halite
Hematite
Kyanite
Limonite
Magnetite
Malachite
Muscovite (mica)
Olivine
Plagioclase feldspar
Potassium feldspar
Pyrite
Pyroxene (augite)
Serpentine
Sphalerite
Staurolite
Sulfur (Native sulfur)
Talc
2 points
QUESTION 14
What is the correct identification (name) for mineral specimen L1?
Amphibole (hornblende)
Azurite
Biotite (mica)
Calcite
Chalcopyrite
Chlorite
Copper (Native copper)
Corundum
Diamond
Dolomite
Epidote
Fluorite
Galena
Garnet
Gold (Native gold)
Graphite
Gypsum
Halite
Hematite
Kyanite
Limonite
Magnetite
Malachite
Muscovite (mica)
Olivine
Plagioclase feldspar
Potassium feldspar
Pyrite
Pyroxene (augite)
Serpentine
Sphalerite
Staurolite
Sulfur (Native sulfur)
Talc
2 points
QUESTION 15
What is the correct identification (name) for mineral specimen L2?
Amphibole (hornblende)
Azurite
Biotite (mica)
Calcite
Chalcopyrite
Chlorite
Copper (Native copper)
Corundum
Diamond
Dolomite
Epidote
Fluorite
Galena
Garnet
Gold (Native gold)
Graphite
Gypsum
Halite
Hematite
Kyanite
Limonite
Magnetite
Malachite
Muscovite (mica)
Olivine
Plagioclase feldspar
Potassium feldspar
Pyrite
Pyroxene (augite)
Serpentine
Sphalerite
Staurolite
Sulfur (Native sulfur)
Talc
2 points
QUESTION 16
What is the correct identification (name) for mineral specimen M?
Amphibole (hornblende)
Azurite
Biotite (mica)
Calcite
Chalcopyrite
Chlorite
Copper (Native copper)
Corundum
Diamond
Dolomite
Epidote
Fluorite
Galena
Garnet
Gold (Native gold)
Graphite
Gypsum
Halite
Hematite
Kyanite
Limonite
Magnetite
Malachite
Muscovite (mica)
Olivine
Plagioclase feldspar
Potassium feldspar
Pyrite
Pyroxene (augite)
Quartz
Serpentine
Sphalerite
Staurolite
Sulfur (Native sulfur)
Talc
2 points
QUESTION 17
What is the correct identification (name) for mineral specimen N1?
Amphibole (hornblende)
Azurite
Biotite (mica)
Calcite
Chalcopyrite
Chlorite
Copper (Native copper)
Corundum
Diamond
Dolomite
Epidote
Fluorite
Galena
Garnet
Gold (Native gold)
Graphite
Gypsum
Halite
Hematite
Kyanite
Limonite
Magnetite
Malachite
Muscovite (mica)
Olivine
Plagioclase feldspar
Potassium feldspar
Pyrite
Pyroxene (augite)
Quartz
Serpentine
Sphalerite
Staurolite
Sulfur (Native sulfur)
Talc
2 points
QUESTION 18
What is the correct identification (name) for mineral specimen N2?
Amphibole (hornblende)
Azurite
Biotite (mica)
Calcite
Chalcopyrite
Chlorite
Copper (Native copper)
Corundum
Diamond
Dolomite
Epidote
Fluorite
Galena
Garnet
Gold (Native gold)
Graphite
Gypsum
Halite
Hematite
Kyanite
Limonite
Magnetite
Malachite
Muscovite (mica)
Olivine
Plagioclase feldspar
Potassium feldspar
Pyrite
Pyroxene (augite)
Quartz
Serpentine
Sphalerite
Staurolite
Sulfur (Native sulfur)
Talc
2 points
QUESTION 19
What is the correct identification (name) for mineral specimen O?
Amphibole (hornblende)
Azurite
Biotite (mica)
Calcite
Chalcopyrite
Chlorite
Copper (Native copper)
Corundum
Diamond
Dolomite
Epidote
Fluorite
Galena
Garnet
Gold (Native gold)
Graphite
Gypsum
Halite
Hematite
Kyanite
Limonite
Magnetite
Malachite
Muscovite (mica)
Olivine
Plagioclase feldspar
Potassium feldspar
Pyrite
Pyroxene (augite)
Quartz
Serpentine
Sphalerite
Staurolite
Sulfur (Native sulfur)
Talc
2 points
QUESTION 20
What is the correct identification (name) for mineral specimen P?
Amphibole (hornblende)
Azurite
Biotite (mica)
Calcite
Chalcopyrite
Chlorite
Copper (Native copper)
Corundum
Diamond
Dolomite
Epidote
Fluorite
Galena
Garnet
Gold (Native gold)
Graphite
Gypsum
Halite
Hematite
Kyanite
Limonite
Magnetite
Malachite
Muscovite (mica)
Olivine
Plagioclase feldspar
Potassium feldspar
Pyrite
Pyroxene (augite)
Quartz
Serpentine
Sphalerite
Staurolite
Sulfur (Native sulfur)
Talc
Directions
•
Refer to this web site
(http://www.nvcc.edu/home/cbentley/magic/ig105.html) to view GigaPan
Images of some samples (lettered samples). You’ll be bearing in mind
some of the lessons of the Minerals lab here, and establishing competence
in rock identification, building a foundation for the collaborative Rock
Identification and Interpretation assignment at the end of Unit 8.
•
Click on the link above to complete the lab exercise using the provided
igneous rock illustrations and the information provided in the AGI
Laboratory Manual in Physical Geology and the chapter on Magma,
Igneous Rocks and Intrusive Activity in your textbook.
QUESTION 1
Zoom in on Sample A. You will see that this hand sample is composed of a
very dark (black) rock that forms the “matrix” or “groundmass.” Embedded
within the black rock are beautiful green crystals. The green crystals are
referred to as “phenocrysts.” What is the overall texture of this igneous
rock?
fine-grained (aphanitic)
coarse-grained (phaneritic)
porphyritic
pyroclastic or fragmental
1 points
QUESTION 2
Looking at Sample A, how would you classify this igneous rock based on
its composition?
felsic
intermediate
mafic
1 points
QUESTION 3
Zoom in on Sample A and investigate the beautiful green mineral
phenocryts. Identify the phenocryst mineral.
olivine
quartz
potassium feldspar
biotite
1 points
QUESTION 4
Compare Sample A to Sample B.
Both Sample A and Sample B are fine-grained (aphanitic) in texture
however Sample B has an overall ultramafic composition.
Both Sample A and Sample B are porphyritic in texture however Sample B
appears to be intermediate in composition.
Both Sample A and Sample B are coarse-grained (phaneritic) in texture
however Sample A has an overall mafic composition.
Both Sample A and Sample B are pyroclastic (fragmental) in texture and
as such, their composition cannot be determined by hand sample
investigation.
2 points
QUESTION 5
Sample B displays large plagioclase phenocrysts that are composed of an
even amount of both calcium and sodium in their crystalline structure.
Thinking of Bowen’s Reaction Series, this would indicate that the overall
composition of the rock sample would be _________________________.
ultramafic
mafic
intermediate
felsic
1 points
QUESTION 6
Move on to Sample C. Look at the overall texture, color and the fact that
this sample contains “a rock in a rock”! The black, rectangular shaped rock
exists as an inclusion in the lighter rock and is referred to as a/an
phenocryst
porphyrite
pegmatite
xenolith
1 points
QUESTION 7
The texture of Sample C is indicative of two stages of cooling. Both light
and dark crystals occur as phenocrysts. If the light mineral crystals are
composed of a sodium-rich plagioclase, according to Bowen’s Reaction
Series, the dark crystals would most likely be
Olivine
Pyroxene (augite)
Amphibole (hornblende)
Calcite
1 points
QUESTION 8
Sample D is an example of a “contact” between two different types of
igneous rock. Compare the two rocks. The texture of the dark rock is
________________________; the texture of the light rock is
__________________________.
fine-grained (aphanitic); glassy
coarse-grained (phaneritic); fine-grained (aphanitic)
porphyritic; pyroclastic
fine-grained (aphanitic); coarse-grained (phaneritic)
1 points
QUESTION 9
Sample D is an example of a “contact” between two different types of
igneous rock. Compare the two rocks. The compostion of the dark rock is
________________________; the composition of the light rock is
__________________________.
ultramafic; mafic
mafic; felsic
felsic; mafic
intermediate; felsic
1 points
QUESTION 10
Sample D is an example of a “contact” between two different types of
igneous rock. Compare the two rocks. Based on texture and composition,
the name given to the black rock is ____________________________
while the name given to the light rock is
_____________________________.
basalt; granite
gabbro; rhyolite
andesite; diorite
calcite; dolomite
1 points
QUESTION 11
Sample E is referred to as a “xenobomb.” The green rock is encased in a
black rock. Compare the composition of the two rocks. The green rock is
composed almost entirely of one mineral. Identify that mineral.
quartz
plagioclase
pyroxene (augite)
olivine
1 points
QUESTION 12
Based on your identification of the green mineral in Sample E, the overall
composition of the green rock would
be high in silica and low in iron and magnesium
be low in silica and high in iron and magnesium
have approximately equal amounts of silica, iron, and magnesium
contain calcium carbonate and no silica
1 points
QUESTION 13
Based on the overall composition of the green rock in sample E, it would
be safe to assume that the green rock originated in
_____________________________.
outer space
the continental crust
the upper mantle
core
1 points
QUESTION 14
Zoom in and look at Sample F in detail. This igneous rock contains at least
50% of a dark greenish grey mineral that has been identified as calcium
rich plagioclase. There is also about an equal amount of a dark greenish
black mineral that forms a texture of interlocking crystals with the
plagioclase. Thinking of Bowen’s Reaction Series, the dark greenish black
mineral would most likely be _________________________.
pyroxene (augite)
amphibole (hornblende)
biotite
muscovite
1 points
QUESTION 15
Zoom in and look at Sample F in detail. This igneous rock contains at least
50% of a dark greenish grey mineral that has been identified as calcium
rich plagioclase. There is also about an equal amount of a dark greenish
black mineral that forms a texture of interlocking crystals with the
plagioclase. This overall texture of this sample is
_______________________.
coarse-grained (phaneritic)
porphyritic
fine-grained (aphanitic)
pegmatitic
1 points
QUESTION 16
Based on your answers to the previous two questions, Sample F can be
identified as ____________________________.
peridotite
gabbro
basalt
andesite
1 points
QUESTION 17
Take a look at sample G. Look at the architecture peeking out to the right
in the picture. Cool! Where do you think this picture was taken? Zoom in
closely to this sample. It is dominated by three minerals: one pink, one
clear and one black. Based on the overall comparison of dark to light
minerals, what general composition would you apply to this rock?
ultramafic
mafic
intermediate
felsic
1 points
QUESTION 18
Continue examining sample G. What would be the most likely identification
given to the peach-colored or pink mineral?
plagioclase
potasium feldspar
muscovite
quartz
1 points
QUESTION 19
Continue your examination of Sample G. This overall texture of this sample
is _______________________.
coarse-grained (phaneritic)
porphyritic
fine-grained (aphanitic)
pegmatitic
1 points
QUESTION 20
Based on your answers to the previous three questions, Sample G can be
identified as ____________________________.
peridotite
gabbro
granite
rhyolite
1 points
QUESTION 21
Holy cow! Look at this outcrop of igneous rock seen in Sample H. The
layered grey to tan/pinkish colored rock is volcanic tuff. The texture of this
rock would be _______________________________.
porphyritic
glassy
pyroclastic/fragmental
pegmatitic
1 points
QUESTION 22
Let’s keep examining Sample H. The black, rectangular rock is a piece of
the pre-existing volcanic rock prior to the eruption. Looking at the scale
provided in the photo, what is the specific size/shape classification given to
this pyroclastic chunk of black rock? It may be useful to skip ahead and
consult Chapter 5’s discussion of the types of pyroclastic materials.
ash
lapilli
block
bomb
1 points
QUESTION 23
Zoom in closely on the black rock in Sample H. In particular, look at the
bottom left corner of the rock. It contains quite a few “holes.” What is the
specific name given to these “holes”?
pyroclasts
phenocrysts
porphyroblasts
vesicles
1 points
QUESTION 24
Sample IA and IB tell an interesting story of the cooling history of lava.
Sample IB is composed of basalt. Sample IA was originally basalt but has
since been lightly metamorphosed during the formation of the Appalachian
Mountains, however, still retains some of its original igneous structure.
These rocks would be classified as
________________________________.
intrusive
extrusive
plutonic
pegmatitic
1 points
QUESTION 25
The distinctive structure seen in these Samples IA and IB (from two
different angles) is/are ____________________________ and is caused
by ____________________________.
columnar jointing; cooling and contraction of the freshly crystallized
volcanic rock
lava tubes; quick cooling of lava forming a pipe-like conduit for the still
molten rock material
pillow lavas; lava erupting underwater
pahoehoe lava; cooling of low viscosity lava with a “ropey” texture
2 points
QUESTION 26
Be a field geologist! Approach the Sample J outcrop with our hand lens.
Zoom in on the rock to determine its overall texture and composition. The
occurence of the pink potassium feldspar coupled with the observed
texture would most likely indicate that the rock
is ________________________.
diorite
andesite
granite
rhyolite
1 points
QUESTION 27
Sample K is an interesting rock with a varied cooling history. Zoom around
and check out phenocrysts of quartz, potassium feldspar and a dark
mineral that is most likely hornblende. There …
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