Course Child Psychology– -16SPTest Quiz — Chapter 1Results Displayed All Answers, Submitted Answers, Correct Answers• Question 1 Dr. McGaw was interested in whether children’s recall of familiar or unfamiliar words improved with age, so she tested 4-year-olds, 6-year-olds, and 8-year-olds at the same point in time. This is an example of aAnswers: a.hybrid design. b.case study design. c.cross-sectional design. d.longitudinal design.• Question 2 Praise and hugs are typically examples ofAnswers: a.fixations. b.imprinting. c.ethology. d.reinforcement.• Question 3 An ethologist might argue that an infant’s attachment or bonding behaviorsAnswers: a.are learned through observation. b.depend upon the cultural and historical context. c.are determined primarily due unconscious issues. d.have survival value for the individual and species.• Question 4 Ally believes that all vegetables are “gross.” If she discovers that some vegetables actually taste good to her, Piaget would say that she will have toAnswers: a.use operant conditioning. b.assimilate this information. c.accommodate this information. d.use formal operational thought.• Question 5 Which of the following statements regarding correlation coefficients is FALSE?Answers: a.Correlation coefficients measure both the strength and direction of an association. b.Correlation coefficients can range from -1.0 to +1.0. c.Positive correlation coefficients indicate better outcomes. d.Correlation coefficients are symbolized using the letter “r.”• Question 6 Sometimes a researcher creates a standard situation or environment that allows each child the same opportunity to engage in a specific behavior of interest. This type of research design is calledAnswers: a.naturalistic observation. b.structured observation. c.path analysis. d.cross-sectional observation.• Question 7 Which of the following questions would be of LEAST interest to information-processing researchers?Answers: a.How do children solve math problems involving fractions? b.Will rewards help children to learn to spell? c.Why does memory strategy usage increase with age? d.How do children perceive information in their world?• Question 8 Identify the correct historical order of emergence for the following theories.Answers: a.social learning, dynamic systems, psychoanalytic b.psychoanalytic, behavioral, neuropsychological c.behavioral, dynamic systems, neuropsychological d.psychoanalytic, social learning, dynamic systems• Question 9 Dr. Rice found that the correlation between children’s amount of sleep and their amount of daytime energy was +.40. This correlation indicates thatAnswers: a.the more sleep a child gets, the more energy he or she has. b.sleep and energy are not related. c.having more energy allows children to get more sleep. d.the more sleep a child gets, the less energy the child has.• Question 10 Dr. Agassi wants to know whether exposure to music will impact reading skills. So, she has some students listen to rock music, while others listen to jazz or classical music. Then, she measures reading ability. The independent variable in this experiment is theAnswers: a.type of music each student heard. b.children’s reading ability. c.age and gender of the children. d.musical preference of each child.• Question 11 A primary advantage of the cross-sectional research design is that it can be used toAnswers: a.observe change and stability over time within the same participants. b.complete a study in a relatively short amount of time. c.create groups of participants who have different ages but are similar in other ways. d.establish cause-and-effect through random assignment.• Question 12 Jean Piaget is typically credited with creating a theory of which type of development?Answers: a.Cognitive b.Ethological c.Psychoanalytic d.Behavioral• Question 13 The psychoanalytic personality part responsible for our sense of morality is/are theAnswers: a.id. b.ego. c.superego. d.both the id and the ego.• Question 14 Which of the following statements regarding psychoanalytic theory is TRUE?Answers: a.Psychoanalytic theory made little attempt to understand the impact of the unconscious mind. b.Psychoanalytic theory profoundly shaped early ideas regarding child development. c.The most prominent psychoanalytic theory was developed by Skinner. d.The impact of genetics is a primary component of psychoanalytic theory.• Question 15 The variable that a researcher intentionally changes to determine how it might affect another variable is called a(n)Answers: a.non-random variable. b.dependent variable. c.independent variable. d.longitudinal variable.• Question 16 Which of the following research techniques would be most useful to a researcher investigating the backgrounds of children born with rare neurological conditions?Answers: a.Self-report b.Naturalistic observation c.Experimentation d.Case study• Question 17 Eisenberg et al. (1999) studied a single group of 32 children, taking measurements of their helping behaviors approximately every two years from the time the children were four years old until they were young adults. This study used a(n)Answers: a.hybrid design. b.experimental design. c.cross-sectional design. d.longitudinal design.• Question 18 What was the name of the theory created by Urie Bronfenbrenner that attempted to explain how different social layers impact the child’s development?Answers: a.Information-processing theory b.Ecological systems theory c.Neuropsychology d.Cognitive-developmental theory
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