1)
Because psychologists want to be precise and measure as
carefully as they can, they use ________ to study
psychology.
mental processes
introspection
functionalism and structuralism
the scientific method
2)
Experimenters control the effects of extraneous or
confounding variables upon members of experimental and
control groups by using:
independent observers.
double-blind studies.
random assignment.
placebos.
3)
In a negative correlation:
the variables increase in the same direction.
the two variables have an inverse relationship.
a strong correlation is close to +1.00.
there is no relationship between the variables.
4)
All of the following statements about surveys are true
EXCEPT:
survey questions can be written in such a way that the
desired answer becomes obvious.
it is difficult to word survey questions so they will be
understood the same way by all who read them.
answers to survey questions are resistant to courtesy bias.
the order of the questions in the survey can affect its
outcome.
Score: 2
5)
The four goals of psychology are accomplished through:
the scientific method.
laboratory observation.
surveys.
double-blind studies.
6)
Freud’s theory of psychoanalysis:
has been completely rejected by modern psychologists.
is still in use by professionals today, with less emphasis
on sex and sexual motivations.
is as commonly used today as it was a few decades ago.
has no place in modern scientific study.
7)
________ focuses on how people think, remember, store, and
use information.
Objective introspection
Structuralism
Behaviorism
Cognitive psychology
8)
According to the behavioral perspective, a child who cries
and is rewarded by getting his mother’s attention will:
be more attached to his mother.
stop crying so much in the future.
be indifferent to his mother.
cry again in the future.
9)
Anna is 45 years old and is suffering from hot flashes and
extreme moodiness. From a(n) _____ perspective, Anna’s
symptoms can be
attributed to menopause.
psychodynamic
biopsychological
cognitive
analytical
10)
Sasha sat in the preschool classroom and watched the
children play, writing down how well they interacted with
each other. The
children could see that Sasha was watching them, so they made
an attempt to be
extra well-behaved for her. Sasha’s research will be impacted
by:
observer bias.
participant observation.
the observer effect.
an inability to replicate the results.
11)
Which early perspective in psychology, associated with
William James, focused on how the mind allows people to
adapt, live, work, and
play?
functionalism
structuralism
conflict
psychoanalysis
12)
Wundt referred to the process of examining and measuring
one’s own thoughts and mental activities as:
dualism.
objective introspection.
focus of control.
evolutionary consciousness.
13)
A ________ has a medical degree and is a medical doctor who
specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of psychological
disorders.
psychiatric social worker
psychologist
psychoanalyst
psychiatrist
14)
Which of the following is a reason researchers prefer to use
animals in experiments instead of humans?
Researchers need not use anesthesia for surgery.
Animals handle pain and suffering much easier than humans.
There are no limits to what researchers can do with animals.
Studying long-term effects is much easier.
15)
An institutional review board reviews:
a study’s safety and consideration for the research
participants.
a study’s proper use of the scientific method.
double-blind studies only.
a study’s hypothesis for feasibility.
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