Please write an outline for the Nuclear power and Greenhouse Gases following the direction in the Outline instruction both files are uploaded.

The Basic Outline of a Paper
The following outline shows a basic format for most academic papers. No matter what length the paper
needs to be, it should still follow the format of having an introduction, body, and conclusion. Read over
what typically goes in each section of the paper. Use the back of this handout to outline information for
your specific paper.
I. Introduction
The introduction should have some of the following elements, depending on the type of paper:
Start with an attention grabber: a short story, example, statistic, or historical
context that introduces the paper topic
Give an overview of any issues involved with the subject
Define of any key terminology need to understand the topic
Quote or paraphrase sources revealing the controversial nature of the subject
(argumentative papers only)
Highlight background information on the topic needed to understand the direction
of the paper
Write an antithesis paragraph, presenting the primary opposing views
(argumentative paper only)
The introduction must end with a THESIS statement (a 1 to 2 sentences in length):
Tell what the overall paper will focus on
Briefly outline the main points in the paper
II. Body
Clearly present the main points of the paper as listed in the thesis
Give strong examples, details, and explanations to support each main points
If an argumentative paper, address any counterarguments and refute those arguments
If a research paper, use strong evidence from sources—paraphrases, summaries, and
quotations that support the main points
III. Conclusion
Restate your thesis from the introduction in different words
Briefly summarize each main point found in the body of the paper (avoid going over 2
sentences for each point)
Give a statement of the consequences of not embracing the position (argumentative paper
only)
End with a strong clincher statement: an appropriate, meaningful final sentence that ties the
whole point of the paper together (may refer back to the attention grabber)
Additional Tips
Decide on the thesis and main points first
You do not need to start writing your paper with the introduction
Try writing the thesis and body first; then go back and figure out how to best introduce the body
and conclude the paper
Use transitions between main points and between examples within the main points
Always keep your thesis in the forefront of your mind while writing; everything in your paper
must point back to the thesis
Use the back of this handout to make an outline of your paper
Paper Topic:____________________________________________________ Audience:__________
I. Introduction
Possible ideas for the introduction (see front side of handout for suggestions):
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
Thesis Statement (Usually the last sentence(s) in the introduction):
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
II. Body (A paper may have a few or many main points; decide how many your paper will need)
Main Point: ___________________________________________________________________
Examples/Details/Explanations:
a. ______________________________________________________________________
b. ______________________________________________________________________
c. ______________________________________________________________________
Main Point: ___________________________________________________________________
Examples/Details/Explanations:
a. ______________________________________________________________________
b. ______________________________________________________________________
c. ______________________________________________________________________
Main Point: ___________________________________________________________________
Examples/Details/Explanations:
a. ______________________________________________________________________
b. ______________________________________________________________________
c. ______________________________________________________________________
Main Point: ___________________________________________________________________
Examples/Details/Explanations:
a. ______________________________________________________________________
b. ______________________________________________________________________
c. ______________________________________________________________________
III. Conclusion
Reworded Thesis (Usually found near the beginning of the conclusion):
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
Other Ideas to Conclude:
________________________________
________________________________
Clincher Ideas: _________________________________________________________________
Running head: NUCLEAR POWER AND GREENHOUSE GASES
Nuclear Power and Greenhouse Gases
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NUCLEAR POWER AND GREENHOUSE GASES
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Introduction
Nuclear energy has become the most reliable and rewarding source of energy and source
of electricity around the globe. One of the most prominent factors that have led to the increasing
innovation in nuclear energy development is environmental protection. According to studies, it
has been established that nuclear energy often represents the most sustainable aspect of economic evolution and the promotion of prosperity (World Nuclear Association, 2015). Due to the
increasing urgency to mitigate climate change, there has been a renewed interest in the adoption
of nuclear energy. A substantial amount of research has been put in an attempt to establish the
amount of greenhouse gas production and energy that is associated with use of nuclear energy in
the production of electricity. As such, it has been established that the use of nuclear energy has
reduced the amount of energy generated from fossil fuel and this means that less use of fossil
fuels lowers the greenhouse gas emission because it is a good alternative to fossil fuels, it reduces price volatility of other alternative sources of energy such as oil, and less use of fossil fuels
means a reduction in the greenhouse gas emission to the environment (Ye, 2016).
Benefits of nuclear energy
Research studies have shown that nuclear energy presents access to reliable, affordable,
and clean energy with no major negative impact with regard to climate change. Nuclear energy
has become an important component of the global energy mix with a significant expected growth
levels in the future (Ouda & Cekirge, 2014). The sector has continued to be in constant state of
development with focus on the support of new programs, efficiency, innovation, and knowledge
and information management. According to studies, it has been established that nuclear energy
NUCLEAR POWER AND GREENHOUSE GASES
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provides a cheaper and reliable source of energy since it costs 10% cheaper than the fossil fuel
sources (World Nuclear Association, 2015).
Similarly, it has been established that electric energy production technology through the
nuclear power plants is usually nonaggressive and has no environmental effect. It also helps in
the reduction of harmful emissions that cause environmental pollution. According to scientific
studies, it has been established that nuclear energy provides the cleanest form of energy with
high positive environmental impacts due to the fact that it does not any form of carbon emissions
into the environment (Ouda & Cekirge, 2014). Additionally, nuclear energy plays a significant
role in the reduction of emissions of greenhouse gas with low carbon source. It is highly recognized by competent international organizations as the clean energy technology without harmful
emissions.
Safety Concerns
The major impact of radioactive nuclear waste are often associated with the environment,
safety, and human health. On environmental terms, the major issues are related to water, soil, air,
natural resources, animals, vegetation, marine life, climate change and biodiversity (Vitioanu
Greta-Marilena, 2018). The nuclear diseases often have two sources mainly human and nature.
Besides being a clean source of energy, less expensive and productive source of energy, its
safety concerns has continued to be one of the critical issues associated with it. Energy production in a nuclear facility often results in waste which is radioactive for many years. As such there
is a great concern with respect to the impacts of on the environment, safety, and health (Vitioanu
NUCLEAR POWER AND GREENHOUSE GASES
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Greta-Marilena, 2018).. Despite of all these concerns, it has been established that the nuclear energy is still the most efficient and reliable energy source for global economic growth and development.
The best emission reduction platform
According to scientific studies, it has been established that nuclear power plant has no
emissions of greenhouse gas and particle matters. Generally, it has been found through research
that nuclear power does not directly produce emissions of carbon dioxide (Ye, 2016). Unlike the
traditional fossil fuel sources of power, a nuclear energy reactor does not emit carbon dioxide
during their operations. According to the World Nuclear Association, fossil fuel energy generation is the bigger emitters of the greenhouse gas comparatively. It has been established that nuclear energy is the third most effective and safe energy source after wind and hydroelectric
sources. As such, it is one of the most effective energy sources that promote the fight against
global warming when properly implemented. According to research findings, it has been found
that 2518TWh billion (kWh) in 2011(World Nuclear Association, 2015). Moreover, it has been
found by World Nuclear Association that lifestyle emissions emanating from nuclear and other
renewable generation were basically similar.
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Figure 1: Greenhouse Gas Emission
Source: World Nuclear Association 07/2011
Electrical power generation methods have both merits and demerits when it comes to environmental impact, operational costs, and other underlying factors. Each method often produces
greenhouse gases of varying volumes during construction, fuel supply, operation, and decommissioning. Fossil fuel sources such as coal generally have higher greenhouse gas emission while
others such as nuclear power and wind power often emit less during their decommissioning and
construction (World Nuclear Association, 2015). As such, it is critical that nations consider the
use of nuclear energy in an effort to reduce the global greenhouse gas emission and mitigate the
negative climate change.
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From the table above, it is also clear that nuclear energy sources produces one of the lowest GHG Emissions of less than 200 tons of carbon dioxide per GWh (Ye, 2016). According to
estimates, it has also been suggested that greenhouse gas emissions coming from nuclear plants
often vary from 10 to 130 grams CO2 per kilowatt hour. This represents an average of 450g per
kilowatt hour. Despite of such findings, it has been established that nuclear energy is the most
efficient and significant contributor to the reduction of greenhouse gas emission globally while
fulfilling the world demand for energy hence contributing to the sustainable development around
the globe (World Nuclear Association, 2015).
Table 1: Standard greenhouse gas emissions from fossil fuels in comparison to nuclear power
for electricity generation.
Source: World Nuclear Association 07/2011
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From the table above it is clear that nuclear energy is the least polluter comparatively
when the same amount of energy is produced from different sources of energy. From the table it
is also clear that nuclear energy source does not have additional carbon dioxide emissions as
seen with other fossil fuel energy sources. As such, it is safe to for nuclear energy to be considered as the most reliable form of energy when it comes to the clean sources of energy. Additionally, according to the study by the World Nuclear Association nuclear energy has the least average lifecycle GHG emissions as shown the table above (World Nuclear Association, 2015). As a
result, it can be concluded that nuclear energy is the most efficient and stable source of energy
with no significant emission of greenhouse gas.
The necessity for inland power construction
The increased relative economic developments across the globe among developing countries like China have led to increased demand for electricity leading to the need for nuclear energy. The rapid economic development is directly related to the levels of need for the development of nuclear energy (Ye, 2016). For effective and sustainable growth both emerging and developed economies have turned to the nuclear energy due to the inefficiencies of the long distances transmissions of hydroelectric energy and long distance transportation of coal. As such,
the development of nuclear power has proven to be the most effective way of cost reduction and
environmental conservation. One of the most important reasons for the need in the adoption of
nuclear energy is its ability to control its emission of radioactive waste materials from reaching
the environment.
According to studies, it has been established that in every nuclear power plant often discharges up to 30 tons waste per year. These wastes are often classified ranging from exempted
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waste to very high waste activity on the basis of the radionuclide life. In the consideration of the
high activity waste, the most effective influence of the nuclear energy is its safety. According to
studies, it has been established that the negligible greenhouse emission from nuclear plant is as a
product of various aspects of processes ranging from nuclear fission often require energy that is
often driven from fossil fuel (US EPA, 2019).
However, despite of the existing concerns, it has been established that nuclear energy is
still the best provider of clean, affordable, and reliable energy source. It represents a form of energy that provides the world with a significant energy mix and is expected to gain momentum in
terms of adoption by various countries in the coming decades (US EPA, 2019). The global nuclear sector has continued to grow and develop by focusing on the support from new programs
and efficiency emerging from constant building of objectives and plans and knowledge and information management. According to World Nuclear Association, nuclear energy presents the
safest and most environmentally friendly source of energy compared to the other sources of energy.
Prevention of nuclear pollution through decommissioning
Decommissioning of a nuclear power plant is often strictly done through the division of
decommissioning depth into three separate grades. The first one involve the removal of nuclear
fuels and sequestration monitoring, secondly, nuclear facility decontamination through demolition, and third, the removal of equipment, structure, and field of the entire nuclear facility. Such
a procedure is established to ensure that the emissions of greenhouse gasses are controlled for
effective control and conservation of the environment (Storage of Spent Nuclear Fuel). As one of
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the most rewarding electricity sources, the degree of innovation in a nuclear energy facility is often determined by the level of security, safety, socio-economic issues, and environmental protection. It provides a sustainable platform for effective economic evolution for every country that
adopts it as it also provides reliable, affordable, and clean source of energy as compared to fossil
fuel sources.
Currently, due to its sustainability and the ability for a nuclear power plant to operate for
up to 60 years before decommissioning, it has been proven to be one of the most significant
sources of global energy mix with the ability to help in the global climate change while fostering
economic prosperity (Storage of Spent Nuclear Fuel). According to study findings, it has been
established that nuclear energy has the potential of providing cheaper source of clean energy
compared to fossil fuel sources. This is because it has been established that the costs of nuclear
fuel are often lower than the costs of fossil fuels by up to 10% in approximation. The advantage
resulting to the consideration of nuclear energy as a clean source of electricity is the fact that the
production of energy adopts a nonaggressive technology with no environmental effects during
the plant operation (Eia.gov, 2019). Significantly, it has been proven through scientific research
studies that nuclear energy helps in the reduction of harmful greenhouse gas emissions as compared to the fossil fuel energy sources.
According to research studies, it has been established that the global energy request in the
coming 20 years is going to increase by 30%. As a result, the weight of nuclear energy in the
world energy mix will increase with approximately 10% according to study findings (Eia.gov,
2019). This will also enable effective monitoring of the global warming effects since many na-
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tions will be expected to shift from the harmful fossil fuel energy sources to the adoption of nuclear energy. As such, it is expected that China will continue to have the highest demand for nuclear fuel followed by India and then Japan with Europe having the limited demand. As such, the
use and adoption of nuclear energy is expected to increase exponentially due to the continuing
demand of energy around the globe coupled with its ability to curd on the greenhouse gas emissions (Eia.gov, 2019).
The impact of radioactive nuclear waste on the environment
According to studies, it has generally been established that nuclear energy often result to
a positive environmental impact due to the fact that it does not produce carbon emissions. It is
highly recognized as the most efficient technology with no harmful emission to the environment.
Similarly, nuclear energy adoption has been found to be critical in the reduction of the emission
of greenhouse gas and with the lowest carbon source second to hydro energy (Eia.gov, 2019).
The nuclear energy can easily be adopted in the world’s energy mix depending on the political
and economic conditions of various nations around the globe. However, with regard to the environmental protection, concerns have been raised on the ability of various nations to contain radioactive wastes that come from nuclear wastes. In spite the fact that it is a clean energy source
compared to fossil fuel, there is always environmental, safety, and human health risks associated
with the radioactive wastes from nuclear power plants (Eia.gov, 2019).
During the production of energy in a nuclear facility, nuclear wastes are inevitably produced in the process. These wastes often remain radioactive for millions of years and are often
harmful to the general health of humans when not properly managed. This often is regarded as
the major disadvantage of radioactivity in the nuclear energy production and it requires careful
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attention for effective control (Eia.gov, 2019). Such control can be achieved through technological adoptions that are expensive to most countries around the globe.
Conclusion
Other concerns in the application of nuclear energy relate to the various stages fuel cycle
in the nuclear plant. These include; mining, processing of fue …
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